Indicator 13.21 Net greenhouse gas emissions of the Land use, Land use change and Forestry (LULUCF) sector

For Bosnia and Herzegovina, this indicator presents net greenhouse gas emissions and removals from the land use, land use change and forestry (LULUCF) sector. The values include CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O emissions and removals covered by the national greenhouse gas inventory and are expressed in CO₂ equivalents. The data are based on the national inventory of Bosnia and Herzegovina, prepared and reported in accordance with the requirements of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). LULUCF is covered in the national inventory under the relevant categories of sector 3B.

The indicator enables monitoring of emissions and removals of greenhouse gases in the LULUCF sector and provides the national data basis for monitoring the relevant part of Sustainable Development Goal 13 – Climate action. The indicator values are based on national inventory data and the methods applied under the UNFCCC reporting framework.

Data for Bosnia and Herzegovina are based on the national greenhouse gas inventory prepared in accordance with the UNFCCC methodology. Emissions and removals are calculated using the IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, including relevant methodological improvements. The national inventory covers the LULUCF sector, and previous years have been recalculated where necessary to ensure consistency of the time series. In accordance with the methodological concept of EU indicator 13.21, the indicator measures net greenhouse gas emissions, or removals, from the land use, land-use change and forestry (LULUCF) sector, expressed in CO₂ equivalents. The data are presented as total quantities in thousand tonnes of CO₂ equivalent, as quantities per inhabitant and as quantities per square kilometre. The basic data series for Bosnia and Herzegovina is taken from the national inventory and expressed in thousand tonnes of CO₂ equivalent. Negative values represent net greenhouse gas removals, i.e. the LULUCF sector acting as a carbon sink. Values expressed per inhabitant are derived from the original national inventory values using annual estimates of the population of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Values expressed per square kilometre are derived using the land area covered by the LULUCF inventory calculations for Bosnia and Herzegovina. In accordance with the methodology applied in the national inventory, managed areas are included in the calculation, while unmanaged areas are not included. For the purpose of calculating short-term progress on the EU SDG portal, the time series for the period 2017–2022 is used. The year 2017 is set as the base year, while 2022 is the latest available year in the series used. The automatic progress calculation is configured for the basic data series expressed in thousand tonnes of CO₂ equivalent, with a negative direction. A negative direction is applied because, for this indicator, a reduction in net emissions, or an increase in net removals, represents a more favourable movement in the indicator value. The target year is set to 2030 in the indicator configuration. The setting of the target year does not represent a specifically established national target value for Bosnia and Herzegovina for this indicator. No additional national target value expressed in thousand tonnes of CO₂ equivalent has been introduced for Bosnia and Herzegovina, nor has the absolute value of the EU target for natural sinks been used as a national target for Bosnia and Herzegovina. The data are presented on the portal as absolute quantities, per inhabitant and per square kilometre. The absolute values represent the original series from the national inventory, while the values per inhabitant and per square kilometre are derived from the same series to provide a presentation consistent with the measurement units used by Eurostat.

The long-term framework for this indicator derives from Bosnia and Herzegovina’s international commitments in the area of climate change, including commitments under the UNFCCC and the Paris Agreement, as well as the continued improvement of the national system for compiling greenhouse gas emission and removal inventories. No specific national target expressed as an absolute quantity of LULUCF emissions or removals has been established for this indicator.