| Description |
The indicator measures gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD) as a percentage of the gross domestic product (GDP) — also called R&D intensity. The OECD’s Frascati Manual: Guidelines for Collecting and Reporting Data on Research and Experimental Development defines research and experimental development (R&D) as creative and systematic work undertaken in order to increase the stock of knowledge — including knowledge of humankind, culture and society — and to devise new applications of available knowledge. |
|---|---|
| Rationale |
Indicator is used to monitor progress towards SDG 9 on building resilient infrastructure, promoting inclusive and sustainable industrialisation and fostering innovation which is embedded in the European Commission’s 2024-2029 Priorities under ‘A new era for European defence and security’. The indicator can be considered as identical to the global SDG indicator 9.5.1 “Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP”. |
| Content and progress |
A new vision for the European Research Area (ERA) aims to build a common scientific and technology area for the EU, by prioritising investments and reforms, improving access to excellence, translating research and innovation results into the economy and deepening the ERA. The EU has a long-standing objective of increasing its R&D intensity to 3 % of GDP, which was reaffirmed in a Council Recommendation on a Pact for Research and Innovation in Europe from November 2021. |
| Long-term objective |
The long-term objective for this indicator is a value of 3.3. |
Download source data for disaggregations (.csv)
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| Description |
The indicator measures gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD) as a percentage of the gross domestic product (GDP) — also called R&D intensity. The OECD’s Frascati Manual: Guidelines for Collecting and Reporting Data on Research and Experimental Development defines research and experimental development (R&D) as creative and systematic work undertaken in order to increase the stock of knowledge — including knowledge of humankind, culture and society — and to devise new applications of available knowledge. |
|---|---|
| Rationale |
Indicator is used to monitor progress towards SDG 9 on building resilient infrastructure, promoting inclusive and sustainable industrialisation and fostering innovation which is embedded in the European Commission’s 2024-2029 Priorities under ‘A new era for European defence and security’. The indicator can be considered as identical to the global SDG indicator 9.5.1 “Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP”. |
| Content and progress |
A new vision for the European Research Area (ERA) aims to build a common scientific and technology area for the EU, by prioritising investments and reforms, improving access to excellence, translating research and innovation results into the economy and deepening the ERA. The EU has a long-standing objective of increasing its R&D intensity to 3 % of GDP, which was reaffirmed in a Council Recommendation on a Pact for Research and Innovation in Europe from November 2021. |
| Long-term objective |
The long-term objective for this indicator is a value of 3.3. |
Source 1
| Organisation |
Eurostat |
|---|---|
| Link to data source | Link opens in a new window |
Source 2
| Organisation |
BHAS |
|---|---|
| Link to data source | Link opens in a new window |